Projectile.



D. A. PISTORIO.

PROJECTILE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.13, 1915.

1 391,1 17. Patented Jan. 14,1919.

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D. A. PISTORIO.

PROJECTILE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-13,1915.

Patented Jan. 14,1919.

2 SHEETSSHEE[ 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DOMINGO A. PISTORIO, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

PBOJ'ECTILE.

Specification of Letters Patent; Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

Application filed November 13, 1915. Serial No. 61,223.

I i To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DOMINGO A. Pisronro,

and resident of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Projectiles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to projectiles and particularly to those projectiles having fuses of the high explosive type, the said invention being directed to the provision of novel means for igniting the charge of the projectile on impact of the said projectile, the said fuse having novel means for-retaining the firing mechanism against movement during the flight of the projectile or while it is being handled at all times prior to its being fired.

A further object of this invention is to provide novel means for producing concussion upon impact of the projectile for firing the high explosive charge, the same including, in one form of the invention, a cap or caps in position to be impinged by firing pins and an explosive charge ignited by said caps, the same being associated with means for producing concussion effective to fire the high explosive charge.

, A still further object of this invention is to provide a fuse in which the hammer and the firing pin or pins carried thereby as well as the safety appliances and means for holding the said safety appliance or guard,

are self contained by the hammer and carried thereby.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a high explosive fuse of the character indicated which may be utilized in connection with a high explosive charge solely or it may be used in connection with a high explosive charge and supplemental means for detonating -the high explosive charge.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the details of construction, and in the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

In describing the invention in detail, reference. will be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification wherein like characters denote corresponding parts in the several views, and in which-- Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a 'fuse embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 illustrates a sectional View on a line corresponding with the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates a sectional view on a line corresponding with the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4: illustrates a sectional view on a line corresponding with the line 4E-4: of Fig.2;

Fig. 5 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a modified construction;

Fig. 6 illustrates a sectional view on a line corresponding with the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 illustrates a sectional view on a line corresponding with the line 77 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 illustrates a sectional view on a line corresponding with the line 8-8 of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 9 illustrates a fragment of the interior of the fuse.

In these drawings 10 denotes the body of the/fuse having external threads 11 which will permit it to be inserted in the base of a projectile. The interior of the body is provided with a chamber 12, the diameter of which varies sojthat there are formed shoul- 'ders for apurpose to be presently explained.

The extreme inner end of the chamber contains the hammer 13, the body of which is of such weight as to prove effective to carry the firing pins 1 1 against the caps 15 with such force as to cause an explosion of the caps. The hammer 13 has a transversely disposed channel 16 in which guardsl? are slidable, the said guards being of such weight as to be afii'ected by centrifugal force, so that they will be moved outwardly when the projectile is rapidly rotating in its flight, the purpose of the said guards being to release the spacing pin 18, the head 19 of which is in contact with the plug 20 of the internal casing 21, which will be presently described. I

The plug 20 has apertures 22 therein for the reception of the caps, as stated, and back of the said caps, the said apertures 22ers 'nated;

the hammer;

' provided with guiding collars 23 having apertures 24; in which firing pins 16 slide and are guided. The fact that the firing pins are, secured in the guiding collars insures the rotation vof the. hammer under the influence of the rotation of the projectile, thus causing the guards to, move, outwardly under the influence of centrifugal force.

As a means for holding the guards nor mally inward in engagement with the shoulder of the head of the pin, the said guards have conical recesses 25 in which conical springs 26 are seated,the;outer'endsrofthesaid conical springs bearing on a sleeve'27 which encircles the :hammer :near one end,

the saidsleevevbeing'held by an end plate 28 secured towthe end of the hammer;

The threaded shanks 29 of the firing-pins.

are seated 1 threaded? "apertures 30y of the hammer and shoulders 31 on said firing-pins serve to retain the end plate in position on Thej'hammeris' further provided with a channel 32" forming? a clearance for the end of the guard pin so 1 that when: the head of the guard' pin-is released, the hammer may i move I over the; guardipin to: bring the firing pins 1 into engagement with the caps.

I The casing'Ql is externall threaded at 33' 'to engage-internal threads 0- the'body of the fuse, "and the casing, except where it is: threaded, stands: away fromthe internal wall o'f the fuse-body so-that there is a chan- 'ne'l formed between=the-casing and the fuse body "for the storage of a 'high explosive 34. The interior of the casing 2-1 is provided w'ith a 'web havinganaperture 36 so that the interior of the casing may be divided into com- *partments- 37 and38, the former'of which contains an explosive charge ignited-by the flames, from the caps when they are deto- The-cham'ber or compartment 3.8has

abal1 39 which'bears against a follower 40, the said follower 40havi'ng a plug 41" lying inthe-aperturej 36="0f' the web and it is the purposebfthe inventor that when the ex- 'plosiveic'harge'in the chamber'37 is ignited,

lt' sll'fztllf'be effective-to; force the ball outwardly-into 'engagementiwith an expanding member42 stationed in thech'zunber38. The

--wall* of the casing 21 is weakened by the longitudinallydisposed grooves 43 and as the ball{ is forced over the inclined surfaces will be suificient'to fracture the-walloffthe high explosivecharge. The-expanding member i2; as shown; 1 consists of- 'abody, the -injner end of which has the inclined walls 44:

and the said body hasfla longitudinally disposed slot 45 which serves to weaken the expanding member so that the ball may, to a great extent, prove effective for the purpose intended. In Figs. land 2, there is shown a supplemental hall 46 which acts somewhat in' the nature'of'a wedge forf'causing spreading of the expansion member.

The casing 2l at its threaded portion has a transversely dispo ed threaded opening 47 for the. reception of a screw 48, which screw is effective for: holding therplug 20 against rotation under. theinfluence of the rotating projectile. The outer end of the casing' 21 has a cap '{9,which cap is threaded on'thercasin'g, and

the OlltBPfiTld; of the cap has a stud 50 seated in a recess 51 of the' plug 52 threaded in the outer' end of: the f-us Seats-or recessesfor spanning wrenches or other meansfor turning the heads and plugs are shown, but they need not be described in detail.

I For the purpose of guarding-againstleakage, and insuring tight joints, disks 53,54;

and 55 are supplied, the it said disksbeing fracturable sothat they i do no't interfere with the operation of the deviceaszintended,

' but servesolely as guards forretaining the parts in position for increasing 'theefiiclency of the joints between the several parts.

"Inth'at form of the invention shown in Figs; 5' to 8 inclusive, the har'nmer, guard, firing pins and spacing pin 'are preferably of the construction heretofore described and it' is believed unnecessary" to describethem in-detail in connection with a description of the modification, but for-theipurpose of identifying, them in a general" way, the' fir- 111g pins 'are supplied with 'the reference.

character '5'6,"and' the spacin'g pin "with 57. The guards 58 are-in theg'hamm'er 59and may slide in th'eyinterior. 'of the f use body- 60. Thecasingfil in the modification is of" the same general construction asthe casing 21 and the only difi'erencebetween this form of-the invention and that heretofore dew scribed, is that the'c hamber 62 of the casing has a container 63 for the reception ofan acid which -would 'prove e'ifective' to ignite the high explosive charge 1 when the said acid is released andin this connection, means are provided for causing the puncture or fracture of {the containerjto permit the escape "of'the acid -upon impact of-the projectile containing the fuse; Furthermore, in" this v modification, the aperture of the web'64c has a bushing- 65 f'thre'aded in; it and the bushing has an aperturefiti with a projectile 67 therein, the said 'pro'jectile 'havingan aperture 68 therein for receiving the shearing pin 69 which shearing'pin'has-its ends seated inapertures FO in the said bushing. The

projectile-is, therefore, held against move:

W tainer 63 and the concussion will aid in detonating'the explosive charge, whereas the acid will also aid in igniting the said charge.

In other respects, the modification is of the same general construction as the construction described in connection with the disclosure of the device illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive.

It is believed unnecessary to here supply a resume of the operation of the parts, since the parts have been described and their functions have been ascribed to them so that one skilled in the art will, it is thought, understand the construction and operation of the device.

The member 39 has been referred to as a ball, but it is to be understood that any member which will operate as a wedge in conjunction with the expanding member may be utilized in this connection.

I claim:

1. In a fuse, a fuse body having an internal. bore, a hammer COIlSiSt-ing of a body having a transversely disposed channel, guards slidable therein, means for yieldingly pressing the guards toward the cen ter of the hammer, a pin slidable in the hammer, means on the pin engaged by the guards for holding the said pin normally outward, firing pins carried by the hammer, a member against which the pin abuts for preventing movement of the hammer under normal conditions, a casing within the body of the fuse, said casing having an explosive charge therein, caps in position to ignite the explosive charge and to be impinged by the firing pins, and a high explosive charge surrounding the casing.

2. In a fuse, a fuse body having an internal bore, a hammer consisting of a body hav ing a transversely disposed channel, guards slidable therein, means for yieldingly pressing the guards toward the center of the hammer, a pin slidable in the hammer, means on the pin engaged by the guards for holding the said pin normally outward, firing pins carried by the hammer, a member against which the pin abuts for preventing movement of the hammer under normal con ditions, a casing within the body of the fuse, said casing having an explosive charge therein, caps in position to ignite the explosive charge and to be impinged by the firing pins, a high explosive charge surrounding the casing, an expansible member within the casing, a member adapted to travel for expanding the said member, and means for imparting the force of the first mentioned explosive charge to the said means for expanding the member.

8. In a fuse, a body having an internal bore, a hammer consisting of a body having a transversely disposed channel, guards slidable the-rein, means for yieldingly pressing the guards toward the center of the hammer,

a pin "slidable inthe hammer, means'on the W pin engaged by the guards for holding the said pin normally outward, firing pins carricd by the hammer, a member against which the pin abuts for preventing movement of the hammer under normal conditions, a casing having its walls grooved for weakening the said walls within the body of the fuse, said casing having an explosive charge therein. caps in position to ignite the explosive charge and to be impinged by the firing pins, and a high explosive charge surrounding the casing.

4. In a fuse, a body having an internal bore, a hammer consisting of a body having a transversely disposed channel, guards slidable therein, means for yieldingly pressing the guards toward the center of the hammer, a pin slidable in the hammer, means on the pin engaged by the guards for holding the said pin normally outward, firing pins carried by the hammer, a member against which the pin abuts for preventing movement of the hammer under normal conditions, a casing having its walls grooved for weakening the said walls within the body of the fuse, said casing having an explosive charge therein, caps in position to ignite the explosive charge and to be impinged by the firing pins, a high explosive charge surrounding the casing, an expanding member within the casing, a member adapted to travel for expanding the said member, and means for imparting the force of the first mentioned explosive charge to the said means for expanding the member.

5. In a fuse, a fuse body having an internal bore, a hammer consisting of a body having a transversely disposed channel, guards slidable therein, means for yieldingly pressing the guards toward the center of the hammer, a pin slidable in the hammer, means On the pin engaged by the guards for holding the said pin normally outward, firing pins carried by the hammer, a member against which the pin abuts for preventing movement of the hammer under normal conditions, a casing within the body of the fuse, said casing having an explosive charge therein, caps in position to ignite the explosive charge and to be imthe first mentionedexplosiveeharge to the engaged by the means forexpandi-ngit,-Land a slot for. weakening thesaid member;

In Witness: whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

DOMINGO A. FIST-OHIO. v Witnesses:

JOHN .HIOKEY, LOTTIEE. BARKLEY:

pinged by thefiring pins, a high nexplosive charge surrounding the casing, :an expanding member Within the casing, a member adapted to travel for expanding the Said member, means for'imparting the force of said means for expanding themember, said expandlng member havmg beveled surfaces Copies ,of this patent may be obtainecL for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents;

Washington, D. 0." v 

